The 365-Day Devotional Commentary

THE EMPTIED TEMPLE
Ezekiel 8–11

“Then the glory of the LORD departed from over the threshold of the temple and stopped above the cherubim” (Ezek. 10:18).

No church building, however spectacular, has any value at all unless God’s presence is there. Churches, like Judah’s temple, are vacant unless the Lord is honored, and His presence felt there.

Definition of Key Terms
The glory. The Hebrew word translated “glory” means “heavy” or “weighty.” Figuratively it suggests impressiveness: the social weight of a rich man, or the symbols of a ruler’s majesty, are both identified as “glory.”
When the Old Testament speaks of the “glory of God” the term is typically linked with powerful images. God is seen in blazing splendor. Raw power and burning holiness are impressed on those permitted to glimpse His revelations of His essential nature.
But the “glory of God” is most of all associated with God’s intrusions into our world of space and time. The fabric of the universe is torn, and for a moment God’s elemental power is seen—as lightning flashing at Sinai, in the cloudy-fiery pillar that guided Israel in the wilderness, as an unknown brilliance settling down on the tabernacle as God took up unique residence among His Old Testament people (cf. Ex. 29:43). It is this, the unique presence of God which originally filled Solomon’s temple and then located itself in the holy of holies, the temple’s inner room (2 Chron. 7:1–3), that Ezekiel describes in these chapters.
There is a tragic significance in Ezekiel’s vision of the glory of God leaving the temple. Those who had looked to that consecrated building for protection would from now on depend on what was merely an empty shell. With the glory of God withdrawn, the temple was nothing more than gilded stone, stripped of meaning and power.

Overview
Ezekiel saw a vision of idolatry in the Jerusalem temple itself (8:1–18). In the vision he witnessed the death of the idolaters (9:1–11) and the gradual withdrawal of God’s glory from the temple (10:1–22). The people inhabiting Jerusalem would be punished (11:1–15), yet in the future the exiles’ hearts would be changed, and they would be restored to their land (vv. 16–25).

Understanding the Text
“The elders of Judah were sitting before me” Ezek. 8:1–4. The vision reported in these chapters was given just 14 months after Ezekiel’s call. In that time he had been recognized as a prophet, so that the elders of the exiled Jewish community came to consult with him. There is no indication they welcomed his words, or that they responded. But they knew that a prophet was among them.
As a new convert in the Navy, I began to talk to other sailors about the Lord. One day our commanding officer was holding a court martial, but couldn’t find a Bible to swear in witnesses. Immediately one of the officers said, “Go see Richards. He’ll have a Bible at his desk.”
The earnest Christian, like Ezekiel, may not win converts immediately. But how quickly others realize that God has placed a spokesman among them!

“Do you see what they are doing?” Ezek. 8:5–18 While the elders of Judah were present Ezekiel was transported to Jerusalem in a vision, where he observed worship in the temple. The things he witnessed demonstrated the complete religious corruption of the people, and served as the basis of God’s announcement that “I will deal with them in anger; I will not look on them with pity or spare them” (v. 18).
An idol and altar to a pagan deity had been erected within the temple court at the north gate (vv. 5–6). This gate led to the royal palace, and so suggests the active participation of the king in pagan rites.
Within one of the temple storerooms some 70 of Judah’s elders were gathered to worship images of animals (vv. 7–13). This was not an official group, like the Sanhedrin. Yet it’s very size, and the fact that it was composed of acknowledged leaders who also practiced idolatry in the privacy of their homes (v. 12), suggests how pervasive the apostasy in Judah had become.
Ezekiel also saw women “mourning for Tammuz” (vv. 14–15). Tammuz was a Summerian agricultural deity, who “died” with winter and “came alive” again each spring, and was the forerunner of a host of pagan nature gods. Both mourning and fertility rituals were associated with the worship of Tammuz.
Finally Ezekiel was shown 25 men in the temple’s inner court worshiping the sun (vv. 16–18). What is so significant about this? First, their backs were to the temple. It was the practice in Judaism to pray toward the temple, the site of the Divine Presence. Second, being in the inner court marks these men off as priests and Levites, who alone would have had access to its confines! Not just the royal house, not just the elders, not just the women, but the very religious leaders of Judah were corrupt, practicing idolatry in Judah’s only and most holy shrine.
Yet what strikes us most as we read the chapter is that as Ezekiel was carried toward the Holy City and its temple, he noted that “the glory of the God of Israel” was still there! (v. 4) Despite every provocation, God had not yet abandoned His people.
God is so gracious to us. He continues to exercise kindness long after we deserve punishment. Yet even as gracious a God as ours cannot be impudently treated with contempt forever. God will judge when human actions force Him to deal with our sins.

“Those who grieve and lament” Ezek. 9:1–11. Ezekiel saw a mark placed on all in Jerusalem who had a heart for God, and grieved over the spiritual condition in Judah. In his vision Ezekiel saw the rest of the population slaughtered. The bloodshed was so great that Ezekiel despaired of any surviving.
Two thoughts are of note here. First, the mark placed on true believers reminds us that God is able to care for His own even when there is devastation all around. Second, God told the destroying angels, “Begin at My sanctuary” (v. 6). Christianity is not to be used as a cloak for sin. Those who misuse religion for personal gain or merit will receive greater condemnation.

“The radiance of the glory of the LORD” Ezek. 10:1–22. In his vision Ezekiel saw the visible glory of the Lord, which rested as in his earlier vision on a vehicle propelled by guardian angels, here identified as cherubim. As Ezekiel watched, the glory of God rose from the temple and moved beyond its threshold, preparing to leave the city itself (cf. 11:23). As it departed, burning coals from its red-hot center were scattered over Jerusalem.
Hot coals, representing divine judgment, are frequently found in apocalyptic passages of Scripture that describe history’s end (see Rev. 8–9). Utter devastation is a biblical mark of God’s judgment, a reminder that a day of recompense awaits all who refuse to heed or to worship the Lord.

“Leaders of the people” Ezek. 11:1–12. The 25 men described in this chapter represent the aristocracy, which served as Judah’s leaders. Comparison with Jeremiah 37 shows that even King Zedekiah lacked the power to overrule their political decisions.
While their comment in Ezekiel 11:3 is obscure, it’s best to understand it as a consensus for war rather than peace, and an arrogant affirmation that they themselves are the worthy members of the nation (the “meat”) and the exiles merely offal. They say this despite the fact that Jeremiah had faithfully spoken God’s word in Jerusalem and counseled surrender to Babylon rather than resistance!
Through Ezekiel God announced that those Jews the leaders had wickedly slain were the true worthy members of the nation (v. 7). In Judah of that day, the “only good Jew was a dead Jew!” But, God told Ezekiel that since the leaders liked to think of themselves as Judah’s “flesh,” He would humor them. He would make Jerusalem a pot, and as the fires of judgment burned around her, they—the flesh within the caldron of judgment—could seethe in anguish!
A Robert Burns poem describes a woman sitting proudly in church, head held high, so all can see her new bonnet. Burns wryly observes that what the congregation noted was a louse, clinging to one of its bright ribbons. “O that God the gift would ge [give] us,” the poem concludes, “to see ourselves as others see us.”
Burns’ poem stops just short of the point made by Ezekiel. The ultimate gift is to see ourselves as God sees us! Stripped of pretense, stripped of self-deceit and shared delusions, we, like the people of Jerusalem, need to realize the true nature of what we are, and what we do.
Like the leaders of Judah, some people today tell each other, “We are the flesh.” They insist on protection for alternate lifestyles in the name of tolerance; they wrap media immorality in the mantle of free speech; and they accuse those calling for public standards of decency of censorship. And then arrogantly they tell one another, “We are the flesh.”
What they fail to do is to see themselves as God sees them. And what they fail to realize is that they too will be placed in the caldron of divine judgment.

“As I was prophesying, Pelatiah . . . died” Ezek. 11:13. Ezekiel apparently described his visions out loud as he experienced them. As he spoke in Babylon Pelatiah, in Jerusalem, fell dead. The event unnerved Ezekiel, and he cried out, asking if the remnant of Judah would be completely destroyed.
The death of Pelatiah served another purpose besides drawing out Ezekiel’s anguished query. Later, when word arrived from Jerusalem that Pelatiah had died, the community in exile would realize it happened at the exact moment it was observed by the prophet. Ezekiel’s message would thus be authenticated as a true vision from the Lord.

“I will . . . give them a heart of flesh” Ezek. 11:16–25. The heart of flesh is contrasted with a heart of stone. The one is responsive, the other unresponsive. The ultimate and only solution to Judah’s problem was inner transformation. And God, whose supreme attribute is grace, would give the remnant of His people a new heart despite their centuries-old tradition of straying from His ways.
But all this lay in the distant future. Ezekiel was jolted back to his present by a final vision of the glory of God, going up from within the city, and hesitating above the mountains to the east, where the coming devastation of Jerusalem might be easily viewed.

DEVOTIONAL
You Will Know
(Ezek. 10–11)
Devotionals are supposed to be warm and fuzzy. At least, I always thought so. There’s supposed to be some positive bit of Scripture at the top, then a happy little story, followed by a one or two-line prayer. We read them, feel good, and then can go on our way complacent because we’ve shared a little time with God and received our daily spiritual shot in the arm.
The trouble is, so much of Scripture just isn’t warm and fuzzy. It doesn’t even make us feel good, much less complacent. Look at these chapters of Ezekiel, for instance. Chapter 10 describes the glory of God, His vital presence, departing from the temple. And the people of Judah didn’t even know! They went to the temple, worshiped at what was now just a heap of polished stones, and never realized that God wasn’t around anymore.
Now, what kind of fodder is that for a devotional? Who wants to be warned to watch out for superficiality in religion? Who wants to be challenged to examine whether or not their own practices are merely going through motions that have no impact on their relationship with God at all?
The next chapter is even worse! Who wants to be told that what he or she thinks of himself, and what others think, is meaningless? Who wants to be reminded that what God thinks of him is all that counts? And who wants to be warned that, if her opinion is way off base, and she is unwilling to change, God’s judgment will strip away all illusions and leave her crushed and exposed? Those words of threat and warning, “You will know [then] that I am the LORD,” simply aren’t the kind of words you expect to find in a devotional book!
No warm fuzzies in them! Only a certain gruesome chill.
Perhaps though it would be better if our devotionals featured fewer fuzzies and, like Scripture itself, called us to confront the truly critical issues of life. That’s what these chapters of Ezekiel do. They confront us, and make demands. Is God real in your life? Is He really there, or are you fooling yourself going through empty rituals in great, empty rooms. And, are you honest with yourself? Do you see yourself as God does, and evaluate your acts by His standards of love and goodness?
Not many warm fuzzies in that, are there? Of course there might be something even more important. There might be a real meeting with God.

Personal Application
Use devotions to explore the whole counsel of God, and to expose yourself to God.

Quotable
“Some people want to see God with their eyes as they see a cow, and to love Him as they love their cow—for the milk and cheese and profit it brings them. This is how it is with people who love God for the sake of outward wealth or inward comfort. They do not rightly love God, when they love Him for their own advantage. Indeed, I tell you the truth, any object you have in your mind, however good, will be a barrier between you and the inmost Truth.”—Meister Eckhart

The 365-Day Devotional Commentary

SWORD, FAMINE, PLAGUE
Ezekiel 4–7

“Because of all your detestable idols, I will do to you what I have never done before and will never do again” (Ezek. 5:9).

There are times when the most severe of judgments is absolutely necessary. It was so in Ezekiel’s day. As God’s watchman, the prophet began his ministry by uttering dark and terrible words.

Background
It was not unknown for prophets to act out their messages. In Jerusalem, Jeremiah placed a yoke on his shoulders when calling for submission to Babylon. In Babylon, Ezekiel communicated a certainty of divine judgment by making the street in front of his house a stage, and performing strange acts there. How quickly the gossip would have spread, and members of the captive community would have come by to see and puzzle over the peculiar acts of their eccentric prophet. And, when everyone was talking and wondering what it all meant, Ezekiel would explain in blunt and powerful words. The drama drew the audience. The explanation must have aroused the utmost horror, as well as denial and disbelief.

For over a year Ezekiel lay before a rough model of Jerusalem under siege, portraying the final Babylonian attack on the Holy City. It was unnecessary for Ezekiel to explain what his actions meant: the terrible meaning was plain to every observer.

Overview
Ezekiel publicly acted out the siege of Jerusalem (4:1–17) and shaved his head and beard to symbolize the city’s fate (5:1–17). He prophesied against the mountains of Israel where pagan worship services were performed (6:1–14), and then announced plainly that judgment day was here: doom had burst forth (7:1–27).

Understanding the Text
“This will be a sign to the house of Israel” Ezek. 4:1–8. For some 400 days Ezekiel lay bound, first on one side and then the other before a model of Jerusalem under siege. Each of the 400 days represented a year during which Israel and Judah were to “bear their sin.” If we calculate ahead from the dating Ezekiel uses, the first year of Jehoiachin’s exile, the 400 years ended in 167B.C-the initial year of the Maccabean revolt, which won Judah limited independence from foreign powers.

“I will cut off the supply of food” Ezek. 4:9–17. Bread was commonly made of barley or wheat. Bread made by scraping together “wheat and barley, beans and lentils, millet and spelt” was “bread of affliction.” That is, it was eaten only when a people were starving, mixing every scrap of food they could find. During the months Ezekiel was to act out the siege, he was allowed only eight ounces of this bread a day! This tiny ration, and Ezekiel’s own deteriorating condition, spoke powerfully of famine and suffering, to be experienced as Jerusalem fell. The drama Ezekiel performed reminds us that when God judges a society even those who speak up against its sins suffer with the rest. There is no safe place anyone can hide when judgment comes. How much better to speak out before it is too late, and turn our own nation back toward righteousness.

“Shave your head and your beard” Ezek. 5:1–17. It was considered shameful in Old Testament times for a man to shave either head or beard. Ezekiel was told to bear the ridicule and reproach. His hair was divided into thirds, and disposed of in ways that illustrated the fate God intended for Jerusalem’s inhabitants (vv. 11–12).
Again we sense the horror of sin, not so much by the listing of evils, but by descriptions of the punishments Judah would experience. As the desperate people of Jerusalem turned to cannibalism, eating even members of their own families, we sense a revulsion that captures something of God’s feelings about the acts of sin which led to these terrible consequences.
If you and I fail to be horrified at sin itself, and draw back, God will horrify us with the punishment our sins bring!

“The mountains and hills” Ezek. 6:1–14. The mountains and hills are singled out in this prophecy because pagan worship sites were located in “high places.” These locations would be the scene of slaughter, and the worship centers constructed there would be demolished.
The prophecy is not at all peculiar, in view of the fact that locations have always had symbolic significance to human beings. In our own nation we need only think of Bunker Hill, Valley Forge, and Gettysburg, to realize what great meaning is often attached to places. A place takes on an aura linked to the events that took place there.
This is something to consider when we think about our own homes. The mountains of Judah were associated with paganism and immorality. Do we guard our activities at home—and control our TV sets—so that in the minds of family members the place we live is associated forever with love, caring, hospitality, ministry, and righteousness?

“Violence has grown into a rod to punish wickedness” Ezek. 7:1–27. The symbolic messages acted out by Ezekiel now give way to an announcement in plain and terrible words. God was about to pour His wrath out on Judah. There would be no escape, for the sword would ravage outside, while plague and starvation stalked their victims within the Holy City. The warning Ezekiel gave is as valid for today as it was nearly 600 years before the birth of Christ. God will certainly “judge you according to your conduct and repay you for all your detestable practices” (v. 8).

DEVOTIONAL
Symbolic Acts
(Ezek. 4)
How in the world do we get through to people?
It’s a question that’s plagued prophets and preachers as well as ordinary believers from the beginning. Adam couldn’t reach Cain—and Cain killed his brother Abel. Moses couldn’t turn the Exodus generation, and they perished in the desert for their persistent disobedience. Isaiah and Micah and Jeremiah all called on the people of Judah to repent and change their ways. But their exhortations were ignored, and God’s people skipped merrily along sin’s highway—only to die by sword and famine and plague.
How do we get through? All too often words just aren’t enough.
That’s why Ezekiel acted out God’s message to the exiles in Babylon. They wouldn’t listen to words? Well, they did come to gawk at the gaunt prophet, lying bound beside toy Jerusalem. And to watch him wordlessly grind grains and cook his tiny daily portion of rough bread.
They may not have listened. They may not have repented. But at least Ezekiel got their attention. At last they heard what the earlier prophets had been shouting stridently for centuries.
That’s why recently my wife and I signed a pledge card, and sent it to the offices of two large companies identified by an impressive coalition of Christian groups as sponsors of TV shows relying on excessive portrayals of sex and violence. That pledge card says that for the next year, we’ll buy no more of their products. And, hopefully, millions of other Christians will sign, and carry out, that same pledge.
Oh, the boycott probably won’t win any converts. It may not even bring about any restraint in TV-land. But it is a symbolic act; an act that sends a message a little louder than words. At the very least this act, multiplied by millions, may get someone’s attention.
It may say what desperately needs to be said. That the moral boundaries of our society have been shrinking. That sins once publicly decried are now portrayed as normal behavior. And that unless Christians take a stand, and unless our voice is heard, God will surely act against our country too, to “judge you according to your conduct and repay you for all your detestable practices.”

Personal Application
If Christians do not take a public stand for righteousness, who will?

Quotable
“We all like the twilight in spiritual and moral matters, not the intensity of black and white, not the clear lines of demarcation—saved and unsaved. We prefer things to be hazy, winsome, and indefinite, without the clear light. When the light does come difficulty is experienced, for when a man awakens he sees a great many things. We may feel complacent with a background of drab, but to be brought up against the white background of Jesus Christ is an immensely uncomfortable thing.”—Oswald Chambers

The 365-Day Devotional Commentary

Ezekiel

INTRODUCTION
The Prophet Ezekiel ministered to the exiles in Babylon. His carefully dated prophecies fall between 593 B.C. and 585 B.C. In poetry and in prose rich in allegory, parable, proverb, and prophetic vision, Ezekiel echoed Jeremiah’s call for submission to Babylon. Serving as a watchman, called to give warning of impending danger, the prophet uttered a series of dark predictions concerning Jerusalem’s sin and fall. These ceased when that city fell in 586 B.C., and were replaced by promises of hope for the future. In the first half of the book the theme of Ezekiel’s messages is seen in his review of the moral and religious history of Israel; in the second the theme of hope is expressed in visions of Israel’s restoration and future worship.
Three additional themes with particular relevance to today are also woven throughout Ezekiel. These themes are the nature of God, the purpose of divine judgment, and each individual’s personal responsibility for his or her own actions.

EZEKIEL’S CALL
Ezekiel 1–3

“You must speak My words to them, whether they listen or fail to listen, for they are rebellious. But you, son of man, listen to what I say to you. Do not rebel like that rebellious house; open your mouth and eat what I give you” (Ezek. 2:7–8).

Ezekiel’s call reminds us that any person who realizes who God is, is obligated by that knowledge to communicate His Word—whether others choose to listen or not.

Background
Ezekiel was a member of a priestly family deported to Babylon with the captives taken there in 597B.C He was 30 (1:1), the age when qualified descendants of Aaron were permitted to take their place as ministering priests, when God appeared to him in a vision and called him to serve as a prophet. The year was 593B.C, and until the destruction of Jerusalem in 586B.C Ezekiel emphasized Judah’s sin, warning of the coming destruction of the Holy City and its temple.
This message was as unpopular in Babylon as Jeremiah’s words were back in Judah. The exiles hoped desperately for a return to their homeland; a hope that was encouraged by false prophets. Yet until the people of Judah acknowledged the full extent of their sin, and gave up all hope of divine reprieve, no spiritual healing or restoration could begin. In Judah, Jeremiah called on the nation to repent. In Babylon, Ezekiel emphasized the importance of individual repentance and recommitment. Like Jeremiah, Ezekiel would face resistance, and know discouragement. There was little glory in being a prophet whose words brought about little change. Yet like Jeremiah, Ezekiel remained faithful to God. And the words he spoke so long ago have great meaning for you and me today. May we, unlike the exiles among whom Ezekiel lived, hear—and respond.

Overview
Ezekiel saw the glory of God in a vision (1:1–28), and was told to speak God’s words to His rebellious people (2:1–9). The reluctant Ezekiel ate a scroll containing God’s words, and was again warned that the Israelites would not listen (3:1–15). Yet Ezekiel was to be a watchman, giving warning, and had to speak when God gave him a message to convey (vv. 16–27).

Understanding the Text
“The likeness of the glory of the LORD” Ezek. 1:1–28. Ezekiel’s vision has fascinated biblical scholars. It was not unusual for prophets to have visions (cf. Isa. 6). But the content of this vision is unique, and the Hebrew describing it difficult to translate.
Briefly, Ezekiel described a great wheeled crystalline platform, resting on four upright living creatures. Each creature had four faces, representing God’s creative work in human, wild and domestic animal, and bird kingdoms. The whole structure moved nimbly but noisily in any direction. Despite the wonder these details may create, the focus of the vision is One seated on a throne resting atop the crystalline platform (called an “expanse” in the NIV). This Person, clearly God, appeared humanoid, but His figure burned so brightly that Ezekiel could see no other details. Even the light surrounding Him, encompassed by rainbow-like radiance, was too overwhelming for Ezekiel to bear, and he fell facedown before the Lord.
Artists have toyed with representations of this vision. Scholars have struggled with the Hebrew, and argued alternate translations. Yet Ezekiel moved quickly in his description from the vehicle to its Rider. As awe-inspiring as his details of wheels within wheels and strange living creatures may be, the focus of Ezekiel’s vision is God Himself. It is Ezekiel’s glimpse of God—too glorious to be scrutinized or described—that caused the prophet to fall to the ground in the traditional posture of worship and praise.
There are times when our attention is drawn to spectacular settings—grand cathedrals, stained glass, crowds of thousands singing, beautifully staged TV shows—all may perhaps enhance our worship. But at times they may distract our attention from the Lord. The challenge you and I face is to look above these “platforms” for worship, and to view the intrinsic glory of the One they are intended to honor. For our worship to be meaningful, we need to see the Lord and, in awe of His splendor and love, fall down with Ezekiel before Him.

“Son of man, stand up on your feet, and I will speak to you” Ezek. 2:1–2. What a stunning verse! “Son of man” here simply means “human being.” In Hebrew “son of” has the meaning, “sharing the nature of.” Here the text emphasizes the fact that Ezekiel, a mere man, is accepted by God!
Not only was Ezekiel addressed, but he was told to “stand up.” In the ancient East a person prostrated himself before even a human ruler or overlord. To be told to stand in such a person’s presence was a mark of acceptance and honor. Here God is the One who told Ezekiel, “Stand up on your feet.”
Finally, the apparition told Ezekiel, “I will speak to you.” God not only pays attention to a mere man, and lifts him up, but communicates as well!
In this one verse we sense the wonder of God’s love for all mankind. God comes to us, for we cannot find or approach Him. He calls to us, despite the fact that we corrupt and puny beings run from Him. He lifts us up, though we should only grovel at His feet. And He speaks to us, communicating His will, that we might participate in bringing righteousness to His universe.
It’s good for us to fall down with Ezekiel before the holy God. But it is good too to remember that this God invites us to stand and, even though we are merely human beings, to serve Him as messengers to the rest of mankind.

“Do not be afraid of what they say or terrified by them” Ezek. 2:3–8. Even in biblical times words seemed fearful. It’s not as though Ezekiel were in danger of execution. Or of being put in prison. What Ezekiel had to face was simply harsh and hostile words. Angry words, yes. Ridiculing words, yes. But just words.
It’s like this in our day. Fear of witnessing to others isn’t quite rational when we stop to think about it. We’re not likely to be beaten for speaking about Jesus. We’re not likely to be fired from our jobs or lose our homes or be imprisoned. The worst that’s likely to happen is that someone may hurl a few hostile words at us, or talk about us behind our backs. And yet so many Christians are literally afraid to speak out.
God didn’t ridicule Ezekiel’s fears, and He doesn’t ridicule ours. He simply told the prophet, whose society was far more hardened than our own, “Do not be afraid of what they say or be terrified by them.” And then God reminded Ezekiel of the obligation which was his because of his own personal experience of the Lord: “You must speak My words.”
How people respond to our sharing of the Gospel is irrelevant. God’s command to speak is not.

“Eat this scroll” Ezek. 3:1–3. Eating the scroll symbolized digesting and applying the words of God. Only when we have taken God’s words to heart can we share them with others.

“You are not being sent to a people of obscure speech and difficult language, but to the house of Israel” Ezek. 3:4–15. Ezekiel is the model of an unheralded missionary: a man who evangelizes in his own country. Yes, there’s a need for foreign missionaries. But most Christians are called to minister to people in their own society, whose language and customs are familiar.
The eager 20-year-old applying to the mission board for overseas service was asked how many people he had witnessed to during the preceding week. His answer was, “Well, none.” How about the preceding month? Six months? Again, the answer was, “No one.” The chairman of the interviewing board then asked him, “Young man, what makes you think being overseas will make you into a missionary, when you do no missionary work at home?”

DEVOTIONAL
Watchman, Watchman
(Ezek. 3)
Some job descriptions are complicated, and others are relatively simple. To help Ezekiel understand the nature of his ministry, God gave him a title belonging to a person whose responsibilities were absolutely clear-cut. Ezekiel was to serve as a “watchman.”
This post, though one with heavy responsibilities, required no special skills or training. In biblical times the watchman simply stood on the city walls and, if any danger approached, raised the alarm to warn the city’s citizens. They then were responsible to rally to the city’s defense.
Oh, I suppose a loud voice might be necessary. And the ability to stay awake nights. But beyond that, there wasn’t much to the watchman’s job at all.
How was Ezekiel to be like a watchman? Well, he was to warn the people of Judah of impending doom: to shout about the danger that approached. Then it was up to those who heard his cries to heed and deal with the danger. As God told Ezekiel, “If you do warn the wicked man and he does not turn from his wickedness or from his evil ways, he will die for his sin” (v. 19). No one could blame the watchman if the citizens, warned about the danger, plugged their ears, rolled over, and went back to sleep!
But the watchman, while his job was easy, carried a heavy responsibility. What if danger approached, and the watchman didn’t cry out? In biblical times that watchman rightly forfeited his life!
And so the Lord told Ezekiel, if “you do not warn him or speak out to dissuade him from his evil ways in order to save his life, that wicked man will die for his sin, and I will hold you accountable for his blood” (v. 18).
Today it’s helpful if we think of each Christian’s “job description” in the same way. It takes no special qualification to serve our neighbors as a watchman. No seminary degree is required. Not even mastery of Scripture, or great spiritual depth. All that’s called for is awareness that friends without Christ are in terrible peril—and a voice to lift to give them warning.
We can’t guarantee that any individual will respond. But if we remain silent, we carry some responsibility for that other’s fate.

Personal Application
A word of warning to another clears us of guilt, and may lead him or her to eternal life.

Quotable
“Jesus Christ didn’t commit the Gospel to an advertising agency; He commissioned disciples. And He didn’t command them to put up signs and pass out tracts; He said that they would be His witnesses.”—Joe Bayly

The 365-Day Devotional Commentary

THE DAY OF THE LORD
2 Peter 3

“The heavens will disappear with a roar; the elements will be destroyed by fire, and the earth and everything in it will be laid bare” (2 Peter 3:10).

Seek solid joys and lasting pleasures.

Background
History’s end. Both Testaments speak of a final judgment when this present heaven and earth will be destroyed. Isaiah said this present universe will wear out like a garment and vanish like smoke (51:6). Paul pictured Christ returning “in blazing fire” (2 Thes. 1:7). And Peter in this chapter gave a powerful description of the universe being reduced to its constituent atoms.
The biblical picture of a universe with a distinct beginning, and a distinct ending, was absolutely strange in the first century. The philosophers believed that matter was eternal, shaped by a craftsman god who was himself subject to natural law. A God who could create the universe from nothing, and dissolve it at will, was beyond their comprehension. The world was, always had been, and always would be. And human beings once dead were gone.
The spirit of our age is not all that different. Scientists speak of a beginning of our universe, but deny a Creator. All that exists is explained by evolution. And whatever the future holds, no God will intrude in the orderly process of the ages to put an end to matter, and then to raise the dead and judge them. First-century intellectuals scoffed in the name of philosophy. Two thousand years later our intellectuals scoff in the name of science. But both are wrong. For God is. And the material universe is not eternal, but destined for destruction. Soon.
This is the message of 2 Peter 3. This, and the kind of life to be lived by believers who know that they, and every other human being, will continue to exist long after our world comes to an end.

Overview
Trust the Prophets and Apostles (3:1–2) despite scoffers who ridicule the Second Coming (vv. 3–4) and deliberately ignore past divine judgment (vv. 5–7). God’s timing differs from ours (vv. 8–9), but this present world will surely be destroyed (vv. 10–13). So be godly and grow in grace (vv. 14–18).

Understanding the Text
“Wholesome thinking” 2 Peter 3:1–2. Peter’s two letters are designed to stimulate the reader to a “pure disposition”—an “uncontaminated understanding” of faith and life.
This is particularly important because false teachers attack the faith from within, and scoffers from without. Each, if their doctrines are followed, lead to immorality and undisciplined living. The false teachers appeal to sinful desires, and justify license as freedom. The scoffers, by removing the threat of judgment, drain away that awe of God which promotes godliness.
There is really only one antidote that can protect us from error within and outside the faith. That is the words spoken in the past by prophets and by Christ, as faithfully reported by His Apostles. Complete trust in the Word of God, and an intimate familiarity with it, can guard us against every kind of error.

“Scoffers will come” 2 Peter 3:3. There is a fascinating parallel between scoffers and false teachers. Each follows “their own evil desires.” Each resists truth, not so much out of intellectual conviction, but to guard against conviction of sin.
One of my books is on Creationism. It Couldn’t Just Happen (Word, Inc.) explores fallacies in the popular notion of evolution, and explains some of the ways in which scientific discoveries point toward Creation of the universe, and of animal and human life. When my wife offered to contribute a copy to the library in the high school where she teaches, it was rejected. Creationism isn’t “scientific” and might confuse students. Yet the same library contains books that ridicule Creationism, novels that vividly describe illicit sex, and books that present abortion and homosexuality in a positive light. How fascinating that to complain about such books would raise immediate cries of “Censorship!” But rejecting a book that supports a biblical position—a book which, by the way, won a Gold Medallion at Christian Booksellers as the best book for young people of 1988-is fine, because it would be “confusing” and “unscientific.”
Scoffers will continue to scoff. But the underlying reason is not the respectability of our beliefs, but bias against a faith that calls men to take God seriously, and to curb sinful human desires.

“Everything goes on as it has from the beginning of Creation” 2 Peter 3:4. In science this concept is called “uniformitarianism.” It assumes that everything that currently exists can be explained by processes now taking place. Given enough time, the shape of continents, the height of mountains, the depths of the sea, can be explained by erosion, volcanism, earthquakes, etc.
In essence this view says that God not only isn’t necessary now (though He may have begun the process). It also implies that God can’t become involved: even He is bound by natural law.
We Christians believe that Jesus will invade earth and, on His return, will shatter sinful human culture as well as shake the material universe. How ridiculous, the scoffer says. Why, from the beginning nothing has changed.
When you think about that argument, it seems more and more ridiculous itself. Nothing’s changed? Oh? Who has been around “from the beginning” to see it? Nothing has changed? Why, purely secular scientists claim that earth has changed radically. At best we can only say little has changed in our lifetime, or that little has changed since history began to be recorded. We live so briefly, history is known so few thousands of years back, that it is utterly foolish to argue that Jesus will not come because “nothing has changed.”
It will change.
Because Jesus WILL come.

“They deliberately forget” 2 Peter 2:5–7. One radical change that has taken place during mankind’s residence on earth is described in Genesis 6–8. God brought a great Flood on the earth as a judgment on sin, and wiped out human civilization.
The biblical record of the Genesis Flood is supported by traditions reported by various peoples worldwide. And that Flood demonstrates God’s ability to intervene in this present world—and His commitment to do so. Modern man doubts the historicity of the Flood. But the believer does not. And we find in the record of God’s historic act of judgment proof that God is mankind’s Judge, and that He will judge again.

“Not wanting anyone to perish” 2 Peter 3:8–9. Peter gave two insights into the lengthy delay between the promise of Jesus’ return and its fulfillment. First, God doesn’t view time as we do. What we might refer casually to as “a couple of days” He might think of just as casually as “a few thousand years.” So we can’t impose our time sense on God.
Second, God has good reason for what we experience as delay. Christ hasn’t returned yet, because the Lord does not want “anyone to perish.” As long as Jesus is absent, the door to salvation remains open. But when Jesus comes, that door will slam shut. And then it will be too late.

“As they do the other Scriptures” 2 Peter 3:16–18. Peter’s reference to Paul’s letters, equating them with the “other Scriptures,” indicates how early the writings now in our Bible were recognized as Scripture by the early church.
Every once in a while I see an ad urging me to send for the rest of the Bible—for lost gospels, or lost letters, or newly recovered apocalypses. Actually all these writings have been known for untold years. They are early Christian or heretical writings that circulated much as do books from the modern Christian bookstore. Some were propaganda for cults. Some were devotional writings intended to strengthen the believer. But none of them were ever considered Scripture—as the books in our New Testament quickly were.
No wonder Peter urges us to recall the words of prophet and apostle. And to ignore false teacher and scoffer alike. As we keep our hearts fixed on the inspired Word of God, we will grow in grace and be ready when Jesus comes.

DEVOTIONAL
All Gone
(2 Peter 3:10–18)
Someone has said there is only one real difference between a man and a boy. A man’s toys are more expensive.
There’s probably more truth in that saying than we’d like to admit. It’s really amazing how much time and money people spend on newer clothes, sportier cars, bigger screen TVs, and faster boats. Especially when one morning we’re going to wake up, and find that everything we have is all gone.
That’s the point Peter wanted to make here. He didn’t really care that he’d provided insight into how the world will end. He just wants us to know that, when “the heavens will disappear with a roar; the [very] elements will be destroyed by fire,” those material playthings we love so much will be all gone.
Of course, once we understand this, Peter wants us to act appropriately. “What kind of people ought we to be?” he asks. And he answers. “You ought to live holy and godly lives,” as you look “forward to a new heaven and a new earth, the home of righteousness.” Why clutch your playthings to you, when tomorrow morning they’ll be gone anyway? And all you’ll have left, is you. Why not invest that time, that enthusiasm, in building the new you?
A holy and godly life, marked by growth in the grace and knowledge of Jesus, will secure eternal rewards. How much better a focus that provides for our life than toys that, very very soon, will be all gone.

Personal Application
When time shall be no more, you will.

Quotable
Since I am coming to that holy room,
Where with thy choir of saints forevermore,
I shall be made thy music; as I come
I tune the instrument here at the door
And what I must do then, think here before.
-John Donne

The 365-Day Devotional Commentary

FALSE TEACHERS
2 Peter 2

“Many will follow their shameful ways and will bring the way of truth into disrepute” (2 Peter 2:2).

False doctrine produces a perverted lifestlye.

Background
False teachers. The later epistles of the New Testament, 2 Peter, 2 Timothy, and Jude, all describe and warn against false teachers. In the early decades the church was threatened by Judaizers, who attempted to bring Christians under the yoke of Mosaic Law. But by the mid 60s a different breed of false teacher emerged. These men treated the faith as a “philosophy.”
In the first century a number of philosophies competed for popularity. Each had its own doctrines, and each emphasized a lifestyle in keeping with its basic tenents. Street teachers sought to attract adherents by giving lectures on how to live one’s life, solve personal problems, and find meaning in life. From descriptions in 2 Peter and Jude particularly, it seems that the false teachers that threatened the church from within were the cultural equivalent of these traveling philosophers. But they twisted Christian doctrine, and taught a way of life that was antagonistic to godliness.
It may well be that some of the gross descriptions of Christian practices found in second century Roman writers reflects the actual behavior of some who falsely called themselves Christians, and followed false teachers like those Peter described here!
False teachers remain a threat to the Christian church. And 2 Peter 2 remains a source of insight into their teaching, their character, and their appeal.

Overview
False teachers who exploit believers (2:1–3) face certain judgment (vv. 4–10). They are marked by arrogance (vv. 11–12) and im- morality (vv. 13–17), and by teaching that appeals to man’s sinful desires (vv. 18–22).

Understanding the Text
“There will be false teachers among you” 2 Peter 2:1. It’s not, “there may be.” It’s “there will be.”
We can count on it today as well as in Peter’s time. Within the broad framework of what is called Christendom, there are cults and churches whose doctrines are anti-Christian. Some who stand in the pulpits of churches which were historically Christian are false teachers too. Peter said false teachers introduce “destructive heresies,” meaning that they lead adherents to destruction.
This first verse gives us a simple doctrinal test. The false teacher leads followers to destruction because he denies “the sovereign Lord who bought them.” The earliest heresies redefined Jesus. In some systems He was a lower angel. In some He was a man raised to Deity at His baptism, or at His resurrection. In some systems Jesus only appeared to be human, but was in fact a spiritual “projection.” But Scripture clearly presents Jesus Christ as God the Son, the sovereign Lord of the universe come in the flesh, born a human being that through the union of God and man He might purchase our redemption.
Most modern heresies still stumble over Jesus. Any who deny the full deity and actual humanity of Jesus Christ are false teachers. And what they teach is destructive heresy.

“Many will follow their shameful ways” 2 Peter 2:2. This is a second basic characteristic of false teachers and false teaching. It produces “shameful ways.” It’s a familiar saying now, that you can tell a tree by its fruit. You can tell false teaching from sound doctrine by its fruit too (see DEVOTIONAL).

“In their greed these teachers will exploit you” 2 Peter 2:3. The third characteristic of false teachers is greed. Peter had described godly leaders in his first letter: they are shepherds caring for God’s flock, not greedy for money but eager to serve (1 Peter 5:1–4). In contrast false teachers serve for money, and are motivated by it.
We ought not be too quick to label someone a “false teacher” on the basis of his or her income. The issue here is one of motive and exploitation. The false teacher is greedy. A false teacher exploits, lies, and diverts money given for ministry to personal use.
While the greed of a few notorious Christian leaders is regularly exposed by the media, we can thank God for the many thousands who minister today, despite low pay and poor benefits, out of love for God and His people.

“If God did not spare” 2 Peter 2:4–10. Peter looked back into sacred history and found examples that drove home his point. False teachers will surely creep in to corrupt the church. But God knows how to save the godly, and “hold the unrighteous for the day of judgment.”
Peter carefully selected his illustrations. The presence of false teachers in the church is serious. But it is not disastrous! So we need not panic. God will protect the righteous man. And God will punish the false teacher.
Peter’s comments direct us to the best way that we can protect ourselves and others from false teachers. We focus, as did Noah and Lot, on preaching and living righteousness. Commitment to live a godly life, even when others live “filthy lives” around us, will guard us from going astray.

“Creatures of instinct” 2 Peter 2:11–12. Both Testaments use the metaphor of “brute beasts” and “creatures of instinct” to describe unbelievers who are actively hostile to God. They have completely abandoned the spiritual quest, and chosen to live like animals, in that this present world alone exists for them.
We human beings can choose to live like animals. We can seek to satisfy every craving, without standing in judgment on whether our desires or actions are morally right. But those who choose to live like mere animals by that choice determine their fate. They doom themselves to perish.

“Reveling in their pleasures” 2 Peter 2:13–16. Peter went on to describe the beast-like life that some human beings live. Man’s present instincts reflect the corruption of our nature by sin, and thus are no trustworthy guide to godly living. Man’s corrupt instincts call for pleasures that stimulate and deaden, as modern drugs and alcohol (v. 13). Man’s corrupt instincts lead to adultery (v. 14), and are expressed in a greed that wrongfully deprives others (v. 14). Peter’s reference to Balaam was sarcastic. That prophet, moved by a passion for money, acted on instinct—when a mere animal, his donkey, knew better!
Don’t listen to folks who tell you that since certain desires are “natural” they must be all right. What most men do by instinct is wrong. As Christians, we’re called to judge our instincts, and to choose what is right.

“They promise them freedom, while they themselves are slaves of depravity” 2 Peter 2:17–19. The greatest slavery we can experience is slavery to our passions. “I can’t help it!” has been the cry of those addicted to drink, drugs, and sexual depravities down through the ages. The surest road to misery is to do just what you want, whenever you want to do it. Soon you find that you no longer want what you do—but you are unable to help yourself. That, slavery to one’s own depravity, is the most terrible slavery of all.

“It would have been better” 2 Peter 2:20–22. The two proverbs quoted in verse 22 explain Peter’s comment. Each describes an animal which behaves according to its nature. Just so the individual who is introduced into the Christian community and makes a profession without experiencing regeneration. He sees in the holiness of God’s people what it means to escape the corruption that is in the world through lust. But his unconverted nature causes him to revert to his old ways. Such a person might better never have been exposed to godliness. In turning his back on God his condemnation will be greater than before.
You can’t be a “halfway” Christian, or a “social believer.” Ulimately you will choose to go all the way, in full commitment to Jesus. Or your natural instincts will win out, and you’ll turn away from the faith entirely. If you’re in that halfway state, go the whole way, quickly. It’s better to never have known the way, than to know it and turn back.

DEVOTIONAL
The Way of the Cross
(2 Peter 2:1–3, 17–22)
One early Roman commentator on Christianity, Galen (born around ß.S. 130) had no use for Christian doctrine. In one of his medical treatises he took time out to discuss, and reject, Moses’ treatment of the Creation. But Galen was impressed that Christians, “in self-discipline and self-control in matters of food and drink, and in their keen pursuit of justice, have attained a pitch not inferior to that of genuine philosophers.”
This may have been the most impressive thing about the early Christians to the pagans of their day. Certainly the educated pagan was put off by the Christian emphasis on faith. The Christian doctrine of Creation and especially of Resurrection seemed utter nonsense to those brought up on the idea that matter was eternal, and that God was subject to and not above natural law. And the pagans fiercely resented the Christian’s refusal to participate in public religious observance. Such exclusiveness seemed tantamount to hatred of mankind itself, for the welfare of the state depended on expressing piety toward the gods.
But then, there was that virtuous life. How could such ordinary, mostly uneducated people attain the self-discipline and virtue thought to be reachable only by the philosopher who dedicated his life to study and self-mastery?
False teaching has no such power to help its adherents attain godliness. In fact, one of the characteristics of false teaching is that it appeals to man’s lower nature. It promises freedom rather than demanding self-control. It offers pleasures rather than calling for commitment. And many a true Christian has, through the de-emphasis of godliness, been led astray by teachers whose emphasis is utterly, tragically false.
So watch out if a teacher promises you “freedom”—and means that you will be able to do whatever you want. And watch out if a teacher promises riches and ease! Jesus has never led His followers to Disneyland. The Jesus road winds off, over the hills, and there, ahead, you can glimpse Calvary.

Personal Application
Christ brings us both comfort and cross.

Quotable
“Almighty God, whose most dear Son went not up to joy but first He suffered pain, and entered not into glory before He was crucified; mercifully grant that we, walking in the way of the cross, may find it none other than the way of life and peace; through the same Jesus Christ our Lord.”—Book of Common Prayer

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